Payment middleware sits between a merchant's systems and payment providers, managing data translation, routing logic, and connectivity across the stack.

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Multi-Rail Strategy

A multi-rail strategy uses more than one payment network type to process transactions, improving resilience, market coverage, and overall cost efficiency.

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ISO 20022

ISO 20022 is the global financial messaging standard replacing legacy formats with structured XML data, improving processing efficiency and reconciliation.

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Virtual IBAN (vIBAN)

A virtual IBAN (vIBAN) routes incoming payments to a master bank account via a unique identifier, enabling automated reconciliation without extra accounts.

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Idempotency Key

An idempotency key is a unique request identifier ensuring that retrying a failed API call does not create a duplicate transaction in the payment system.

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Sandbox / Test Environment

A sandbox is an isolated test environment simulating live payment processing, letting developers test integrations without processing real transactions.

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Webhook

A webhook is an HTTP callback a payment provider sends to a merchant's server when an event occurs, such as a successful authorization or completed refund.

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Banking as a Service (BaaS)

Banking as a Service (BaaS) lets non-bank companies offer financial products by accessing a licensed bank's infrastructure and regulatory permissions.

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White-Label Payments

White-label payments let a company offer processing services under its own brand, powered by a third-party provider's infrastructure and licensing.

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Embedded Payments

Embedded payments integrate payment acceptance directly into a software platform so users can transact without leaving the application's interface.

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Hosted Payment Page

A hosted payment page is a provider-managed checkout where cardholders enter card details, removing sensitive data from the merchant's own environment.

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Payment Rails

Payment rails are the infrastructure networks over which money moves, including card networks, ACH, wire transfers, and real-time payment systems.

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Payment Stack

A payment stack is the full set of technology and service providers a business uses to accept, route, settle, and reconcile payments across its channels.

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Single API Integration

A single API integration connects once to an orchestration platform, unlocking hundreds of gateways and payment methods without repeated re-integration.

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API (Application Programming Interface)

An API lets software systems communicate, enabling merchants to connect payment services programmatically through a single integration point.

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Payments Orchestration Platform

A Payments Orchestration Platform connects merchants to gateways and payment methods via one API, enabling routing, vaulting, and performance optimization.

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Payment Orchestration

Payment orchestration manages multiple providers through one layer to optimize authorization rates, reduce costs, and improve resilience across markets.

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Payment Service Provider (PSP)

A PSP provides merchants with the full payment acceptance stack: gateway, acquiring, and settlement.

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Payment Gateway

A payment gateway transmits payment data between a merchant's system and the acquiring bank for authorization.

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Underwriter

An underwriter in payments assesses merchant applications, setting risk parameters, transaction limits, and reserve requirements for each new account.

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Wholesale ISO

A Wholesale ISO sits at the top of the reseller hierarchy, contracting directly with acquiring banks and managing a portfolio of smaller sub-ISOs.

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Ultimate Beneficial Owner (UBO)

An Ultimate Beneficial Owner (UBO) is the natural person who ultimately controls a legal entity, a core requirement in AML and KYB compliance programs.

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Third-Party Sender (TPS)

A Third-Party Sender (TPS) submits ACH entries on behalf of originating companies, acting as a network intermediary with its own compliance obligations.

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Referral Partner

A referral partner sends merchants to a payment provider in exchange for a commission or residual revenue share on the volume they generate.

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Payfac-as-a-Service Provider

Payfac-as-a-Service lets platforms offer payment facilitation without becoming a full PayFac.

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Beneficial Owner

A beneficial owner is any individual who ultimately owns or controls a business, typically at 25% or more, required for KYB and AML compliance.

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Master ISO

A Master ISO recruits and manages a network of smaller ISOs and agents.

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Registered ISO (RISO)

A Registered ISO is formally registered with a card network, allowing it to brand its products and contract directly with merchants and acquiring banks.

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Payment Processor

A payment processor handles technical routing between merchants, card networks, and issuing banks.

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Card Networks / Card Brands

Card networks like Visa and Mastercard operate global infrastructure connecting issuers and acquirers, set rules, and process transactions between them.

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